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Introduction

  front.jpg
  The front page of my SIS book
This page is devoted to the kind of stereographic pictures known as Single Image Stereograms. It is a way of creating a three-dimensional illusion based solely on the stereoscopic vision of us humans. From seemingly repetitive or random pictures, an unexpected image will suddenly appear when correctly viewed. I came across this phenomenon in Mathematica Journal in an article about Random Dot Stereograms in 1991, and was intrigued. I was still at high-school at the time, but as I knew some programming, I wanted to make some pictures of my own.

It all ended in a book of SIS images in 1993. The book was printed in black and white, and the best pictures from that book are included in this page. After my work on the book, I have worked sporadically on my SIS program, and the color SISes of this page is a result of that work.

About this gallery

On this page you will find a mixture of old and new pictures in both color and black-and-white. The color pictures are newer; the black-and-white pictures are all from my SIS-book. The thumbnails should be big enough for the 3D effect to appear, at least for the trained SIS-viewer! All pictures are generated by my program Genasis ("generate a SIS"), which I developed to and fro during 1992 to 1994.

The black-and-white pictures are rendered in 300 DPI and are intended to be printed on paper where they will come to their right. Their size is 2184x2184 pixels, which is suited for A4 or Letter. Just feed "300 DPI" or "18.49 x 18.49 cm" or "7.28 x 7.28 inch" into the program you use for printing them. The pictures will not look good on the screen unless you view them with a program that interpolate the pixels, such as Photoshop.

The color pictures, contrary to the black-and-white, are intended for the screen The resolution therefore is only 800x600 pixels, which really is a bit too low. If there is a strong interest in versions of higher resolution, I might re-render them and put them on this page.

How do I see a SIS-picture

If you against all odds have strayed to this page without ever seeing a SIS-picture before, here is a short description on how to conjure the 3D effect:

Hold the picture close to your nose, so that you cannot focus. The picture should be blurred. Slowly move the picture away from you to a reading distance. It is important that the picture remains blurred and your eyes unfocused during the move; if not you should try again. Try to be relaxed. When the picture is at reading distance, stop and wait. After some 10 seconds, the 3D effect may just appear!
 


Color Images

alia.jpg
Alea Jacta Est

 
     The dice is thrown. Or rather the dices, because there are two in this picture. The "water", or the tilted sinus-landscape, was the first use of the object type function in the ray-tracer I created for Genasis.

Unfortunately, the careful modeling of the dices does not show very well. But with zooming, you will see more clearly the eyes of the dices, and the rounded corners.

crater.jpg
Crater

 
This mathematical ideal crater yields a great sense of depth. I personaly take a liking to the marble like pattern.
funnel.jpg
Funnel

 
This is a very early pattern-SIS. Before this picture, my program was only able to generate black-and-white dot pictures, so called Random Dot Stereograms. The first version of this particular picture was rendered in a black-and-white pattern, and is part of my SIS-book.
head.jpg
Head

 
A bald, female head. Simple and clean.
lion.jpg
Lion

 
My artistic contribution to this picture consists of the pattern from which this stately lion protrodues. I created the pattern by copying and pasting from a picture of a wind blown tree. The tree was broken at the root, and what we see is the tough fibres from the actual break. The color was treated to be more yellow and saturated.
lomograf.jpg
Lomograph

 
The concept lomograph stems from the Russian made camera Lomo, generally accepted as an inferior (but charming) camera. The distinctive feature of a Lomo is that what you see through the occular is the only thing you can be certain not to be part of the photo taken. Thus, picture are best shot at random, preferably from your hip. The often surprising result tend to capture an artistic touch by accident.

The picture on the left is an example of a typical such a failure I produced with Genasis. I could not resist the temptation to include the result in this collection. Getting the camera angle right in my ad-hoc-like program is not easy. Maybe I should have named it Lomosis?

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Maze

 
This maze was, believe it or not, randomly generated. It must be a divine message. What could be more suiting than letting it appear from a starry sky?
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Nature

 
This lovely summer field is meant to symbolize the beauty of nature. In the upper right corner is a cube, the representation of the simple and pure mathematical laws of nature, and the microscopic scale of nature with its crystals and geometrical patterns. In the lower left corner is a rose, a symbol for the beauty of the macroscopic world, the complex and unfatomable result of the clean and simple laws underlying all that evolves in the universe.
niklas.jpg
Originator

 
What can I say? A bit of an ego-trip is permitted here!
propell.jpg
Propeller

 
If you can speak of "classics" for a thing like my SISes, this is definetly one! This propeller image has been reproduced in more than ten Swedish newspapers and magazines. Besides this popular use, many persons on the Net has expressed a liking for this particular picture. I am not sure why, but as a side note, I would like to meantion that it was only the third SIS picture I had ever created (but as a RDS). It was generated on a sleepy 386sx 16MHz, and I can only claim beginner's luck with respect to the modeling.
rose.jpg
Rose

 
An exceptional rose, standing out from among the rest that conform into just a background.

The extra coloring does, in my opinion, lift the motif a bit more from the background and gives the picture a deeper 3D feeling.

shades.jpg
Shades

 
This picture is 3D! The shading technique used makes it one of the most "realistic" of my pictures. You could almost touch the marble waves!
vortex.jpg
Vortex

 
Feel the cosmic time and space vortex suck you towards eternity...
woman.jpg
Siren of the Woods

 
Once more, my contribution to the picture's quality is in the pattern. I wanted earthly, but rich colors. Green for the life giving vegetation, red for the flowers and the blood, brown and gray for the mountain and the ground, the fundamentals of our existens.

From this, a siren appearing at the brim of the woods.


Black and White Images

alphabet.jpg
Alphabet Soup

 
     "To make a soup from a font?". That subtitle was to be found on a ray-traced image in the magazine Datormagazin, years ago. The image was not mine, but it was printed almost at the same time as I created the picture on the left. And they both share exactly the same motif: boiling letters. I still wonder what makes two people having that idea at the same time?
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Lots of Effects

 
The way to savour this picture is to concentrate on the grid. Try to perceive the whole grid at the same time. See how it floats above and below the billowing stripes; very unreal but distinct looking.
mandel.jpg
Mandelbrot

 
This fractal set must have been depicted in more ways than any other set in the entire mathematical universe. With the possible exception of the empty set. By this picture, I make my contribution to the fact. And Mr. Mandelbrot gets even more renown.
ripples.jpg
Ripples

 
This picture has a historical value to me. It is the first SIS-picture I have ever created. It was rendered on a 386sx 16MHz, and it took 20 minutes. I christned it "Sine Landscape", since it depicts the function "cosine of the distance to the image center". Immediately it was re-christned "Cake-tin" by everyone else. In order for none to be happy, it is now named "Ripples".
rollball.jpg
Rolling Ball

 
Another simple, mathematical image. I tend to like simple, arched surfaces.
sisgame.jpg
SIS Game

 
One of my favorites! It contains a lovely ambiguity. Just follow the spiral clock-wise, and you will see...
spiral.jpg
Spiral

 
Another kind of spiral than the SIS game. Not as spectacular, but with a good sence of depth.
testtest.jpg
Test Test

 
Some tests come out good. The picture has a chrispy three dimensional feeling to it.
tobecont.jpg
To be continued

 
Unfortunately discontinued. The idea was to calculate the minimal set of points needed to give the motif maximal contrast. That has been done, and the picture is in this sense optimal. What has not been done is splitting the areas created by this method into more or less equally sized patches, and color those patches. The goal was to make it look like camouflage cloth.

Animations

I have created two simple animations, together with a viewer for them. The viewer runs only under DOS. You can download the animations here.
 


Links

Vern's SIRDS Gallery
Gareth and Peter's SIRDS pages
Arlet Ottens' SIS page
 


Niklas Eén; Gibraltargatan 80/1011; 412 79 Göteborg, Sweden; +46-31-16 58 18; een@cs.chalmers.se